FSc Notes Biology Part 1 Chapter 14 Transport

FSc Notes Biology Part 1 Chapter 14 Transport 1st Year Biology Notes Online Taleem Ilmi Hub Class 11

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Q 1. What do you know about active transport?

Ans. Transfer of substances from region where its concentration is low to where it is high especially through a membrane accomplished by means of expenditure of energy from metabolism. Probably all cells can do this.

Q 2. How much of the total surface area of the root is provided by the root hairs?

Ans. Root hairs provide 67% of the total area of the root.

Q 3. Which two factors determine the water potential in plant cells?

Ans. These factors are solute potential and the pressure potential.

Q 4. What is pericardial sinus in cockroach?

Ans. It is the cavity in which lies 13-chambered heart of cockroach.

Q 5. Write down the kinds of agranulocytes.

Ans. These are monocytes and lymphocytes.

Q 6. Which veins bring blood from the legs?

Ans.  The iliac veins bring blood from the legs.

Q 7. What us haemorrhage?

Ans. The discharges of the blood from the blood vessels is called haemorrhage.

 Q 8. What us an antiserum?

Ans. The antiserum is serum, containing antibodies.

Q 9. What are blood vessels?

Ans. The vessels in which blood flows are called blood vessels. There are three types of blood vessels.

1. Arteries
2. Veins
3. Capillaries

Q 10. Define osmotic or solute potential.

Ans. It is the component of water potential that takes into account the concentration of solutes in the cell. It is represented by Ψ_s and is always negative.

Q 11. Where are the old and worn out red blood cells destroyed?

Ans. The old and worn out red blood cells are destroyed in the spleen and liver.

Q 12. What is the condition of high blood pressure in man known as?

Ans. It is known as hypertension.

Q 13. What is thrombus?

Ans. A solid mass or plug of blood clot in a blood vessel is called thrombus.

Q 14. Why is thalassemia also called Cooley's anaemia?

Ans. It is named after an American Pediatrician, Thomas B Cooley who investigated on it.

Q 15. How much water is found in human blood plasma?

Ans. The human blood contains about 90% of water.

Q 16. Who proposed "pressure flow theory" and when?

Ans. Ernest Munch proposed ""pressure flow theory' in 1930.

Q 17. Which parts of the root serve to absorb water and salts from the soil?

Ans. These parts are the root hairs.

Q 18. Name the components of the cell wall which can imbibe water.

Ans. These are the cellulose pectin and lignin etc.

Q 19. Define transpiration.

Ans. The loss of water from the surface of the plant in the form of water vapors is known as transpiration.

Q 20. How does the rise of temperature affect the rate of transpiration in plants?

Ans. The rate of transpiration doubles for every temperature rise of about 10C within certain limits.

Q 21. Name the three main blood vessels of Earth-worm.

Ans. These are the dorsal vessel, the ventral vessel and the sub natural vessel.

Q 22. What is the average life of red blood cell of man?

Ans. The average life of a red blood cell of a man is about 120 days (4 months).

Q 23. Write a short note on heart attack.

Ans. Blockage of blood vessel in the heart by an embolus causes necrosis or damage to portion of heart muscles, a condition known as heart attack or technically myocardial infarction. Heart attack is due to disruption of control system of the heart with accompanying arrhythmia, especially ventricular fibrillation.

Q 24. Name the chambers of the human heart.

Ans. These are right and left atria and the right and left ventricles.

Q 25. Which is the chief blood distributing vessel in man?

Ans. Aorta is the chief blood distributing vessel in man.

Q 26. Define immunity.

Ans. The ability of the living organisms to withstand harmful, foreign infective agents and toxins is called immunity.

Q 27. What are lacteals?

Ans. The branches of lymph capillaries within the villi of the intestine are called lacteals.

Q 28. Define arteriosclerosis.

Ans. It is a degenerative arterial change associated with advancing age.

Q 29. What is the significance of valves in the heart of man?

Ans. The valves allow the blood to flow only in one direction.

Q 30. How much time does a heartbeat of man take?

Ans. It takes about 0.8 second.

Written By: Asad Hussain