English XII Ch 4 Pakistan and the Modern World SQ & Notes FSc FA ICS ICom Karachi Sindh
Composition
Write an essay of between 350 and 400 words on one of the following subjects:
- Why the Muslims of South Asia strove to found their own state.
- The ideals of modem Pakistan.
Freedom is not only a single word that everyone wants to cherish in life but it is all about the feelings and emotions attached to the sense of being free. Freedom means freedom of thought, freedom of speech, freedom to practice religious beliefs and attitudes, freedom to vote etc.
For centuries, the Muslims of Asian nations lived their lives under the oppressive regime of people who were the followers of different religions other than Islam. Same was the case of Muslims who lived in United India under the domination of British rule first and then it would be the turn of Hindus to rule Muslims. Then and there it would be felt by the Muslims of the sub-continent to have a separate independent nation where they would be free to practice their religion i.e. Islam wholly and freely. Apart from religion, there are a number of other reasons that compelled Quaid-e-Azam along with other prominent Muslim leaders to make a demand for a sovereign independent nation for the Muslims of the sub-continent. Some of them were unemployment, educational aloofness, social and culture deprivation, equality on civil grounds etc. The Muslims of the sub-continent knew it well that under Hindu domination it would not be possible for them to excel in any of the fields of life.
Similarly, the Muslims living in other states of South Asia strove really hard to find their own states. Like Afghanistan, Iran etc. The foremost reason for the Muslims of sub-continent in particular and South Asia, in general, was one of the ‘religion’. The Muslims all over the world were and still are subjugated severely not to practice their religion freely and completely.
Therefore, it is evident from the histories of Muslims residing in Asian nations that they considered their religion above their lives and souls, that’s why millions of Muslims sacrificed their lives in order to get a free, independent nation where they would be enjoying freedom from the suppression of any foreign domination in the path of following and practicing their religion i.e. Islam at its fullest.
In a nutshell, it can easily be said that each individual is born on the concept of freedom and that he likes to have throughout his lifetime.
Pakistan, an Islamic welfare state made its appearance on the map of the world on August 14, 1947. It just became possible due to the sincere and tiresome efforts of not only by our great Muslim leaders but by the blood pour of each and every Muslim of the sub-continent.
Pakistan was envisioned by Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Being a modernist, he had a dream to see Pakistan standing firm on the grounds of modernism. According to him, modern Pakistan should be established in order to survive in the modern world and to make its standing among the superpowers of the world.
The first and the foremost ideal for a modern Pakistan in the eyes of our founder as he stated in his address at the Constituent Assembly on August 11, 1947, is that “You may belong to any religion or caste or creed- that has nothing to do with the business of the state.” This means that he was never in favor of just an Islamic welfare state but he focuses more on the provision of social justice and equality to all living in the free state of Pakistan.
The ideals of modern Pakistan are almost equal in strength and measure to the great ideals of human progress, tolerance, regard and respect for each other’s faith and beliefs.
Furthermore, the ideals presented by Quaid of a modern Pakistan was based on non-feudal foundation, mainly to abolish the practice of prizing local interests above national interests and to get rid of the relic of the old administration,
Quaid-e-Azam wanted to work and focus on the economic system so to build Pakistan on solid economic grounds. With respect to this, he said, “we have to work our destiny in our own way and present to the world an economic system based on the true Islamic concept of equality of manhood and social justice.”
In a nutshell, it can be concluded that modern Pakistan is the dream wish of Quaid-e-Azam on the basis of equality, social justice, non-feudal foundations, democratic system, peace of mind and soul. Therefore, it is now the responsibility of each and every citizen of Pakistan to work really hard to achieve his dream of modern Pakistan.
Precis
Summarize the following passage in from 95 to 100 words :That freedom means freedom only from foreign domination, is an outworn idea. It is not merely governments that should he free hut the people themselves who should be free; and no freedom has any real value for the common man or woman unless it also means freedom from want, freedom from disease, freedom from ignorance. This is the main task which confronts us if we are to take our rightful place in the modern world. We cannot hold the clock hack and therefore it is we who must go forward at a double pace, bending all our resources and all our energies to this great purpose. Students of history are aware that during the last two or three centuries of foreign domination our people have not kept pace with the march of civilization.
It was during these centuries that Western civilization of which you are the proud torch-bearers discovered a use for science which, though not new was so fast in tempo and so vast in its magnitude that it gave civilization a new orientation altogether. This is the phase that for various reasons our people missed. The result is that today we find multitudes emerging as large, free nations in Asia with their material and mental resources utterly undeveloped and with their standards of living so low that the world conscience should not be content to leave them stagnant. Our ancient steadfast faith is such a source of strength to us on the ideological front in these modern uneasy limes must. be wedded to the pioneering virility of modern technology. This is the synthesis we must achieve and achieve quickly, not merely for the sake of progress but for the sake of world peace itself.
Translation
Translate the following sentences into Urdu or Sindhi.1. How is a gramophone record made?
گراموفون کا ریکارڈ کیسے بنایا گیا؟
2. What sort of wood are these chairs made of?
یہ کرسیاں کس قسم کی لکڑی سے بنائی گئی ہیں؟
3. The carpenter made his daughter a beautiful dolls’ house.
بڑھئی نے اپنی بیٹی کو ایک خوبصورت گڑیا کا گھر بنا کر دیا۔
4. The headmaster made the boys explain why they were not in their classroom.
ہیڈ ماسڑ نے لڑکوں سے وضاحت طلب کی کہ وہ کمرہ جماعت میں موجود کیوں نہ تھے۔
5. These pictures will make the room more attractive.
یہ تصاویر کمرے کو مزید جاذب نظر بنا دیں گی۔
6. The bushes on the corner make it difficult for a driver to seع the traffic approaching from the right.
کونے میں موجود جھاڑیاں ڈرائیور کے لیے بہت مشکل بناتی ہیں کہ وہ دائیں جانب سے آنے والی ٹریفک کو دیکھ سکیں۔
7. I think you have made a mistake.
میرے خیال سے تم سے غلطی سرزد ہوئی ہے۔
8. Why did he make such a long speech?
اس نے اتنی لمبی تقریر کیوں کی تھی؟
9. That small aeroplane is making for Walton aerodrome.
وہ چھوٹا ہوائی جہاز والٹن ایروڈروم کی جانب گامزن ہے۔
10. What is a gramophone record made of?
گراموفون کا ریکارڈ کس چیز کا بنا ہوتا ہے؟
11. Many of the new plastics are made from oil.
بہت سی نئی پلاسٹک تیل سے تیار کی جاتی ہیں۔
12. Can you make out who is standing by the door at the back of the hall?
کیا تم اندازہ لگا سکتے ہو کہ ہال کے پچھلے دروازے پر کون کھڑا ہے؟
13. Did you make out a list of the clothes that you sent to be washed?
کیا تم نے ان تمام کپڑوں کی فہرست تیار کرلی ہے جو تم نے دھلائی کے لئے بھیجنے تھے۔
14. The stories that she makes up for her children ought to be written down and published.
جو کہانیاں وہ اپنے بچوں کے لئے تخلیق کرتی ہے وہ لکھی اور شائع کی جانی چاہیں۔
15. It is impossible to make up a good team because nearly half our players are away.
یہ نا ممکن ہے کہ ایک اچھی ٹیم بنائی جاسکے کیونکہ ہمارے تقریبا آدھے کھلاڑی دور ہیں۔
16. They have made it up and are friends again.
انہوں نے صلح کرلی اور دوبارہ دوست بن گئے۔
17. I wish that he would slop hesitating and make up his mind.
میری خواہش ہے کہ وہ ہچکہچانا چھوڑدے اور اپنا ذہن بنالے۔
18. He did not write to me at all last week but he has made up for it by writing to me twice this week.
گزشتہ ہفتے اس نے مجھے کچھ نہ لکھا لیکن اس ہفتہ اس نے مجھے دو مرتبہ خط لکھ کر ازالہ کرلیا ہے۔
19. Rashid soon made friends with a boy who lived next door.
راشد نے جلد ہی اس لڑکے سے دوستی کرلی جو اس کے ساتھ والے گھر رہتا تھا۔
20. Did you make certain that the door was locked?
کیا تم نے یقین دہانی کرلی تھی کہ دروازے کو تالہ لگا ہوا تھا؟
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